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How Cigarette smoking causes disease and amputation of fingers, arms and legs!

Nicotine itself is not addictive, but is responsible for the release dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reinforcements in the brain, inducing addictive tendencies in humans. Nicotine is a chemical found in leaf snuff, the main ingredient in cigarettes and is said to cause addiction and disease in cigarette smokers (World Health Organization (WHO)).

Nicotine mimics the activity of acetylcholine, a natural neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and the output of the muscle nerves of skeletal muscles. Acetylcholine is responsible for the excitability, causing increased heart rate, alertness and reaction times (Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1989, 97 (2) :257-61.). Because acetylcholine and nicotine are chemically similar, they trigger the same cholinergic receptors in the brain. The nicotine-acetylcholine receptors consist of terminations dopamine-releasing nerve when combined or bind to nicotine or acetylcholine. Receptors are like cups with the exact dimensions to fit a molecule of neurotransmitter, such as acetylcholine.

The cup itself is full of nerve endings (tips of the neurons). It is these nerve endings release the neurotransmitter dopamine when acetylcholine binds to acetylcholine receptors in the form of glass (cholinergic receptors). A phenomenon of reinforcement and reward of dopamine develops due to dopamine is released from nerve endings initiates a sense of pleasure in the brain of the individual. The strengthening mechanism is initiated when the brain becomes addicted to the pleasure caused by dopamine released from the cholinergic receptors. This means that the brain is constantly trying to be pleased. So what will happen in the case of smokers of cigarettes is going to continue smoking cigarettes as nicotine from cigarettes can induce the release of dopamine in the brain, causing them to feel happy every time smoking a cigarette, (Nature Reviews Neuroscience 7, 967-975 (December 2006)).

Cigarette smokers first smoked cigarettes had only a few units available cholinergic receptors due to the natural action of acetylcholine only need the normal amount of recipients provided by nature for do their job. However, the increased concentration of available nicotine caused the normal number of cholinergic receptors become desensitized to the presence of the greater number of nicotine cholinergic receptors. This desensitization causes the production or growth and further development of cholinergic receptors. These extra acetylcholine receptors quickly become desensitized to nicotine surplus available. These processes occur until equilibrium is reached. Equilibrium is reached when the cigarette smokers to decide on the amount of cigarettes consumed or smoking in a given day. At this time, a fixed number of receivers will be available for addiction to continue. Smokers say they usually smoke one or two packs per day. He said due to the number of receptors available to accommodate two packs of cigarettes in a day.

A negative effect of this is the fact that so many cholinergic receptors are now available and hunger for nicotine. Therefore, it can stimulate dopamine pleasure cigarette smoker. This is the reason why cigarette smokers have a hard time quitting. The best approach therefore a cigarette smoker for use in quitting smoking is to gradually reduce the amount of cigarettes smoked in a given time interval.

In addition to the effects of nicotine induced dopamine is the acceleration of heart rate by nicotine every time a cigarette is smoked. From a medical point of view, keeping constantly an artificial increase in heart rate is not a great idea either. For First, a steady increase in heart rate by drugs such as nicotine can cause heart disease (WHO).

According to the World Health Organization, snuff consumption leads to diseases affecting the heart and lungs, such as heart attacks, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), emphysema and cancer. Most cigarette-induced cancers are lung cancer, cancers of the larynx, mouth and pancreas. Cigarette smoke also causes heart attacks, peripheral vascular disease and hypertension. The World Health Organization estimates that snuff is responsible for about 5.4 million deaths in 2004 and 100 million deaths during the 20th century.

Also its addictive effects on the central nervous system, cigarette smoke contains a multitude of cancer-causing agents. They work by binding to DNA mutations causing many genetic. Nicotine may be the main culprit that is making the binding to DNA causing genetic mutations leading to cancer. Nicotine is said to interrupt the natural processes of apoptosis (programmed cell death) by binding to DNA in cells, (National Institute of Health (NIH)). defective cells DNA consists of scrap and other waste materials. When apoptosis is inhibited, natural cell death does not occur, however, the defective cells allowed to proliferate or increase size without control. This is what happens in cancer and the main reason why cigarette smokers are more susceptible to developing cancers.

When apoptosis is caused by uncontrolled chemicals such as nicotine, causes normal cells to die. This could be what is happening in the heart tissue of cigarette smokers who suffer from heart disease and could also be what is happening at the tips of cigarette smokers, often complain of excessive cold in his fingers, arms, toes and legs, where traffic is less.

No existing studies support the exact explanation. However, based on knowledge of known scientific evidence of apoptosis and increased rates of mortality among cigarette smokers, This hypothetical explanation has some credibility, and will remain credible until proven otherwise! There is something fatal is happening to smokers cigarettes and nicotine is one of the officers behind him.

The tar in cigarette smoke is also an agent that absorbs the life of cigarette smokers. The lung of a cigarette smoker is as black as the color of asphalt. It's like a serious piece of burnt stew. This is why most cigarette smokers have difficulty breathing. It is almost impossible for air to pass freely through the airways of smokers. The sad thing is that it is difficult for cigarette smokers to quit. Therefore, follow the path of destruction, day after day, smoking the murderer quiet - cigarette smoking.

A very important solution to quit smoking is smoking a cigarette less a day or even at least one cigarette in a month if a minor of cigarettes a day is too steep an adjustment to the deadly habit. If you usually smoke a pack of cigarettes a day, that person should remove one of those cigarettes and discard - discard. Remember that smoking of cigarettes began slowly. No one started smoking a pack of cigarettes day terrible initial stage of smoking. Smoking a cigarette at least one period of time will help eliminate nicotine cholinergic receptors so dearly craves excessive.

Wellbutrin is another method to help people quit. Wellbutrin is an antidepressant drug used by people with depression. However, it is very powerful to help people quit the deadly habit of smoking cigarettes. It may take while smoking, unlike other agents to stop smoking. Wellbutrin blocks nicotine receptors and weakens the action of dopamine reuptake by neurons, (J Pharmacol Exp There. October 2000, 295 (1) :321-7.).

Cigarette smokers who are interested in quitting should implement an exercise program in your schedule due to lack of nicotine in cigarette smokers ex cause weight gain. How do we know this? Former cigarette smokers who kicked the habit complain of weight gain after quitting smoking. Ask any ex-smoker-snuff. You hear the same thing. Nicotine induces weight loss in smokers. This is why by most cigarette smokers are weak or thin. If a cigarette smoker is overweight, while smoking cigarettes, then that person should definitely look medical care because there may be a very dangerous condition lurking in the shadows.

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